Survey of Various Fuzzy and Uncertain Decision-Making Methods

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence [Submitted on 16 Mar 2026] Survey of Various Fuzzy and Uncertain Decision-Making Methods Takaaki Fujita, Florentin Smarandache Decision-making in real applications is often affected by vagueness, incomplete information, heterogeneous data, and conflicting expert opinions. This survey reviews uncertainty-aware multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and organizes the field into a concise, task-oriented taxonomy. We summarize problem-level settings (discrete, group/consensus, dynamic, multi-stage, multi-level, multiagent, and multi-scenario), weight elicitation (subjective and objective schemes under fuzzy/linguistic inputs), and inter-criteria structure and causality modelling. For solution procedures, we contrast compensatory scoring methods, distance-to-reference and compromise approaches, and non-compensatory outranking frameworks for ranking or sorting. We also outline rule/evidence-based and sequential decision models that produce interpretable rules or policies. The survey highlights typical inputs, core computational steps, and primary outputs, and provides guidance on choosing methods according to robustness, interpretability, and data availability. It concludes with open directions on explainable uncertainty integration, stability, and scalability in large-scale and dynamic decision environments. Comments: Book. Publisher: Neutrosophic Science International Association (NSIA) Publishing House. ISBN: 978-1-59973-883-3. 446 pages Subjects: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) MSC classes: 03E72 Cite as: arXiv:2603.15709 [cs.AI]   (or arXiv:2603.15709v1 [cs.AI] for this version)   https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.15709 Focus to learn more Related DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19044809 Focus to learn more Submission history From: Takaaki Fujita [view email] [v1] Mon, 16 Mar 2026 13:45:09 UTC (3,244 KB) Access Paper: view license Current browse context: cs.AI < prev   |   next > new | recent | 2026-03 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Export BibTeX Citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Demos Related Papers About arXivLabs Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)