TeeDAO: A Decentralized Autonomous Organization for Heterogeneous TEEs

Computer Science > Cryptography and Security [Submitted on 3 Jun 2026] TeeDAO: A Decentralized Autonomous Organization for Heterogeneous TEEs Pinshen Xu, Wentao Dong, Guoxing Chen, Jianyu Niu, Cong Wang, Yinqian Zhang Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have emerged as a critical technology for safeguarding sensitive data and ensuring code integrity in modern computing systems. However, relying on a single TEE implementation makes systems vulnerable to a central point of attack. Building distributed-trust systems leveraging heterogeneous TEEs helps disperse trust but still faces threats from centralized management and adaptive mobile adversaries. To address these challenges, this paper introduces TeeDAO, a novel three-layer framework that automatically organizes multiple heterogeneous TEE instances and provides unified interfaces to support diverse applications, while ensuring long-term guarantees of availability, integrity, and confidentiality. TeeDAO couples BFT-ordered governance with heterogeneity-aware Distributed Proactive Secret Sharing (DPSS) and Secure Multi-Party Computation (MPC) so that attestation-driven committee changes are consistently reflected in secret recovery, resharing, and computation across a dynamic committee of heterogeneous TEEs. We implement a prototype of TeeDAO, integrating COBRA's DPSS scheme with the HotStuff BFT consensus protocol, and adapt it for Intel SGX, TDX, and Hygon CSV. Evaluations demonstrate that TeeDAO achieves up to 1.8x higher key-value store throughput in a large cluster with 61 nodes compared to state-of-the-art systems, efficient autonomous management, and minimal computation overhead (<18%) for multi-party computation tasks. Subjects: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) Cite as: arXiv:2606.04912 [cs.CR]   (or arXiv:2606.04912v1 [cs.CR] for this version)   https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2606.04912 Focus to learn more Submission history From: Pinshen Xu [view email] [v1] Wed, 3 Jun 2026 14:09:05 UTC (737 KB) Access Paper: HTML (experimental) view license Current browse context: cs.CR < prev   |   next > new | recent | 2026-06 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Export BibTeX Citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Demos Related Papers About arXivLabs Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)