AgentNLQ: A General-Purpose Agent for Natural Language to SQL

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence [Submitted on 18 May 2026] AgentNLQ: A General-Purpose Agent for Natural Language to SQL Olena Bogdanov, Yeunji Jung, Chandra Dhir, Pareekshitreddy Gaddam, Saurabh Jain, Lakshmi Tumati, Vijay Parthasarathy, Anup Shirgaonkar Natural language to SQL (NL2SQL) conversion is an important problem for researchers and enterprises due to the ubiquitous importance of relational databases in broad-ranging practical problems. Despite the rapid advancements in the capabilities of LLMs, NL2SQL has not reached parity in accuracy with human expert SQL writers, hence needing additional improvements in NL2SQL algorithms. This study presents a new multi-agent method for NL2SQL that achieves 78.1% semantic accuracy on the BIg Bench for LaRge-scale Database (BIRD) benchmark. Our method leverages a semantically enriched representation of user-provided schema, adds user-provided business rules, and produces accurate SQL queries. The main contributions of this study are (a) We designed an optimized new orchestrator in a multi-agent solution that uses LLMs to plan, orchestrate, reflect, and self-correct to generate accurate SQL queries, (b) We developed an advanced schema enrichment method that creates context-aware metadata to improve accuracy, and (c) We demonstrated the accuracy and generalizability of the method across different domains and datasets by evaluating it on the BIRD-SQL benchmark. Subjects: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) Cite as: arXiv:2605.19010 [cs.AI]   (or arXiv:2605.19010v1 [cs.AI] for this version)   https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.19010 Focus to learn more Submission history From: Chandra Dhir [view email] [v1] Mon, 18 May 2026 18:33:15 UTC (551 KB) Access Paper: HTML (experimental) view license Current browse context: cs.AI < prev   |   next > new | recent | 2026-05 Change to browse by: cs References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Export BibTeX Citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Demos Related Papers About arXivLabs Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)