Entanglement-Assisted Discrimination of Nonlocal Sets of Orthogonal States

Quantum Physics [Submitted on 13 Mar 2026] Entanglement-Assisted Discrimination of Nonlocal Sets of Orthogonal States Ziying Hou, Huaqi Zhou, Limin Gao Entanglement-assisted discrimination of orthogonal quantum states exhibiting quantum nonlocality is a frontier topic in quantum information theory. In this paper, we investigate the role of multipartite entanglement and develop resource-efficient LOCC discrimination protocols for nonlocal sets of orthogonal states, including multipartite orthogonal product-state sets and entangled-state sets with different nonlocal features. By incorporating controlled-NOT (CNOT) operations into the discrimination procedure, we construct protocols for genuinely nonlocal GHZ bases in four- and five-qubit systems that require only a single EPR pair. For the same target sets, we compare different entanglement-assisted schemes and identify those with lower entanglement consumption. We further observe that, on average, protocols avoiding teleportation consume fewer resources than teleportation-based approaches. In addition, when higher-partite GHZ-type resources (with n>3) are available among suitable subsystems, they can in some cases reduce the overall entanglement cost. Our results highlight the operational significance of multipartite entanglement and provide practical protocols for the local discrimination of orthogonal state sets exhibiting quantum nonlocality. Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Cite as: arXiv:2603.12535 [quant-ph]   (or arXiv:2603.12535v1 [quant-ph] for this version)   https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.12535 Focus to learn more Submission history From: Limin Gao Ph.D. [view email] [v1] Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:27:08 UTC (416 KB) Access Paper: HTML (experimental) view license Current browse context: quant-ph < prev   |   next > new | recent | 2026-03 References & Citations INSPIRE HEP NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Export BibTeX Citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Demos Related Papers About arXivLabs Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)