DCVD: Dual-Channel Cross-Modal Fusion for Joint Vulnerability Detection and Localization

Computer Science > Cryptography and Security [Submitted on 10 May 2026] DCVD: Dual-Channel Cross-Modal Fusion for Joint Vulnerability Detection and Localization Wenxin Tang, Wenbin Li, Junliang Liu, Jingyu Xiao, Xi Xiao, Mingzhe Liu, Jinlong Yang, Xuan Liu, Yuehe Ma, Wang Luo, Qing Li, Lei Wang, Peng Xiangli Software vulnerability detection plays a critical role in ensuring system security, where real-world auditing requires not only determining whether a function is vulnerable but also pinpointing the specific lines responsible. However, existing approaches either rely on a single information source -- sequential, structural, or semantic -- failing to jointly exploit the complementary strengths across modalities, or treat statement-level localization merely as a byproduct of function-level detection without explicit line-level supervision. To address these limitations, we propose DCVD (Dual-Channel Cross-Modal Vulnerability Detection), a unified framework that performs joint function-level detection and statement-level localization. DCVD extracts control-dependency and semantic features through two parallel branches and integrates them via contrastive alignment coupled with bidirectional cross-attention, effectively bridging the cross-modal representation gap. It further introduces explicit supervision signals at both the function and statement levels, enabling collaborative optimization across the two granularities. Extensive experiments on a large-scale real-world vulnerability benchmark demonstrate that DCVD consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods on both function-level detection and statement-level localization. Our code is available at this https URL. Subjects: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) Cite as: arXiv:2605.11015 [cs.CR]   (or arXiv:2605.11015v1 [cs.CR] for this version)   https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.11015 Focus to learn more Submission history From: Wenxin Tang [view email] [v1] Sun, 10 May 2026 14:33:25 UTC (249 KB) Access Paper: HTML (experimental) view license Current browse context: cs.CR < prev   |   next > new | recent | 2026-05 Change to browse by: cs cs.AI References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Export BibTeX Citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Demos Related Papers About arXivLabs Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)