CVE-2026-40494 | HappySeaFox sail up to 496 RLE Decoder tga.c out-of-bounds write (GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f)

VDB-358164 · CVE-2026-40494 · GHSA-CP2J-RWH4-R46F HAPPYSEAFOX SAIL UP TO 496 RLE DECODER TGA.C OUT-OF-BOUNDS WRITE HISTORYDIFFRELATEJSONXMLCTI CVSS Meta Temp Score Current Exploit Price (≈) CTI Interest Score 8.4 $0-$5k 1.90+ Summaryinfo A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in HappySeaFox sail up to 496. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file tga.c of the component RLE Decoder. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. This vulnerability is cataloged as CVE-2026-40494. The attack may be launched remotely. There is no exploit available. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue. Detailsinfo A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in HappySeaFox sail up to 496. Affected is some unknown functionality of the file tga.c of the component RLE Decoder. The manipulation with an unknown input leads to a out-of-bounds write vulnerability. CWE is classifying the issue as CWE-787. The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. This is going to have an impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. CVE summarizes: SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302, the TGA codec's RLE decoder in `tga.c` has an asymmetric bounds check vulnerability. The run-packet path (line 297) correctly clamps the repeat count to the remaining buffer space, but the raw-packet path (line 305-311) has no equivalent bounds check. This allows writing up to 496 bytes of attacker-controlled data past the end of a heap buffer. Commit 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 patches the issue. The advisory is shared for download at github.com. This vulnerability is traded as CVE-2026-40494 since 04/13/2026. The exploitability is told to be easy. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploitation doesn't require any form of authentication. There are known technical details, but no exploit is available. Applying the patch 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 is able to eliminate this problem. The bugfix is ready for download at github.com. Productinfo Vendor HappySeaFox Name sail Version 496 License open-source Website Product: https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/ CPE 2.3info 🔒 CPE 2.2info 🔒 CVSSv4info VulDB Vector: 🔒 VulDB Reliability: 🔍 CVSSv3info VulDB Meta Base Score: 8.5 VulDB Meta Temp Score: 8.4 VulDB Base Score: 7.3 VulDB Temp Score: 7.0 VulDB Vector: 🔒 VulDB Reliability: 🔍 CNA Base Score: 9.8 CNA Vector (GitHub_M): 🔒 CVSSv2info Vector Complexity Authentication Confidentiality Integrity Availability Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock VulDB Base Score: 🔒 VulDB Temp Score: 🔒 VulDB Reliability: 🔍 Exploitinginfo Class: Out-of-bounds write CWE: CWE-787 / CWE-119 CAPEC: 🔒 ATT&CK: 🔒 Physical: No Local: No Remote: Yes Availability: 🔒 Status: Not defined Price Prediction: 🔍 Current Price Estimation: 🔒 0-Day Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Today Unlock Unlock Unlock Unlock Threat Intelligenceinfo Interest: 🔍 Active Actors: 🔍 Active APT Groups: 🔍 Countermeasuresinfo Recommended: Patch Status: 🔍 0-Day Time: 🔒 Patch: 45d48d1f2e8e0d73e80bc1fd5310cb57f4547302 Timelineinfo 04/13/2026 CVE reserved 04/18/2026 +5 days Advisory disclosed 04/18/2026 +0 days VulDB entry created 04/18/2026 +0 days VulDB entry last update Sourcesinfo Product: github.com Advisory: GHSA-cp2j-rwh4-r46f Status: Confirmed CVE: CVE-2026-40494 (🔒) GCVE (CVE): GCVE-0-2026-40494 GCVE (VulDB): GCVE-100-358164 Entryinfo Created: 04/18/2026 09:02 Changes: 04/18/2026 09:02 (67) Complete: 🔍 Cache ID: 99:DBF:101 Discussion No comments yet. Languages: en. Please log in to comment. ◂ PreviousOverviewNext ▸