A longitudinal health agent framework

Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence [Submitted on 13 Apr 2026] A longitudinal health agent framework Georgianna (Blue)Lin, Rencong Jiang, Noémie Elhadad, Xuhai "Orson" Xu Although artificial intelligence (AI) agents are increasingly proposed to support potentially longitudinal health tasks, such as symptom management, behavior change, and patient support, most current implementations fall short of facilitating user intent and fostering accountability. This contrasts with prior work on supporting longitudinal needs, where follow-up, coherent reasoning, and sustained alignment with individuals' goals are critical for both effectiveness and safety. In this paper, we draw on established clinical and personal health informatics frameworks to define what it would mean to orchestrate longitudinal health interactions with AI agents. We propose a multi-layer framework and corresponding agent architecture that operationalizes adaptation, coherence, continuity, and agency across repeated interactions. Through representative use cases, we demonstrate how longitudinal agents can maintain meaningful engagement, adapt to evolving goals, and support safe, personalized decision-making over time. Our findings underscore both the promise and the complexity of designing systems capable of supporting health trajectories beyond isolated interactions, and we offer guidance for future research and development in multi-session, user-centered health AI. Comments: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables Subjects: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC) Cite as: arXiv:2604.12019 [cs.AI]   (or arXiv:2604.12019v1 [cs.AI] for this version)   https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.12019 Focus to learn more Submission history From: Georgianna Lin [view email] [v1] Mon, 13 Apr 2026 20:03:53 UTC (745 KB) Access Paper: view license Current browse context: cs.AI < prev   |   next > new | recent | 2026-04 Change to browse by: cs cs.HC References & Citations NASA ADS Google Scholar Semantic Scholar Export BibTeX Citation Bookmark Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic and Citation Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?) Connected Papers Toggle Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?) Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?) Code, Data, Media Demos Related Papers About arXivLabs Which authors of this paper are endorsers? | Disable MathJax (What is MathJax?)